The Essential Role of Artificial Noise in Electric Vehicles

Understanding the Need for Artificial Noise in EVs

Electric vehicles (EVs) are revolutionizing the automotive industry with their eco-friendly technology and near-silent operation. However, this silence presents a unique challenge: pedestrian safety. Federal regulations now mandate that EVs emit artificial noise at lower speeds to prevent pedestrian unawareness. This requirement is crucial for ensuring that pedestrians, especially those with visual disabilities, can detect nearby vehicles through sound.

The motors of EVs produce minimal noise, which is a stark contrast to the familiar sounds of internal combustion engines. As a result, external speakers are necessary to play artificial sounds at speeds below 25 mph. This regulation ensures that people accustomed to listening for the sound of approaching vehicles can continue to rely on auditory cues for safety.

The Specifics of Artificial Noise Regulation

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) mandates that EVs emit a specific whirring sound at low speeds. This sound is designed to be noticeable yet not as intrusive as a backup beep or horn. The futuristic hover-whoosh sound was chosen by manufacturers for its sci-fi, modern, and appropriate feel for EVs. At speeds above 25 mph, the noise from tires on pavement and wind replaces the need for artificial sounds, making the regulation applicable only at low speeds.

One interesting example of this customization is Domino's Pizza, which designed a unique engine sound for their EV delivery cars. These vehicles emit a sound that says "Dominos" at varying speeds, and at full speed, they produce a rapid "DOMINOSDOMINOSDOMINOS" sound. This innovative approach not only complies with safety regulations but also reinforces the brand's identity.

The Impact on Pedestrian Safety

The primary goal of this regulation is to enhance pedestrian safety. The whirring sound helps blind individuals identify the presence of an EV nearby, reducing the risk of accidents. People are accustomed to listening for the sound of approaching vehicles, and the artificial noise ensures that this crucial safety feature is not lost with the advent of quieter EVs.

Teslas manufactured before 2021, for instance, do not make the artificial hovering sound and are almost silent at low speeds. However, federal law now requires all EVs, including Teslas, to emit a sound at low speeds. This change underscores the importance of the regulation in maintaining pedestrian safety as the popularity of EVs continues to grow.

Customization and the Future of EV Sounds

Manufacturers have some flexibility in designing the artificial noise for their EVs, allowing for creative and brand-specific sounds. This customization can be seen in Domino's unique approach, which not only meets safety requirements but also serves as a marketing tool. The chosen sound for EVs aims to be futuristic and appropriate for the vehicle's modern image, enhancing the overall driving experience.

As the requirement for artificial noise in EVs is a relatively recent federal regulation, it marks a significant step towards adapting to new automotive technologies while prioritizing pedestrian safety. The integration of artificial noise in EVs is a testament to the evolving landscape of transportation and the continuous efforts to ensure safety for all road users.